For the river, see, "The Magnolia State" and "The Hospitality State", Map of the United States with Mississippi highlighted, Northwest view of Gulfport Harbor Square Commercial Historic District, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. The Mississippi Alluvial Plain, or Delta, is primarily farmland and aquaculture ponds but also has sizeable tracts of cottonwood, willows, bald cypress, and oaks. More than 80,000 Mississippians fought in the Civil War, and casualties were extremely heavy. White Citizens Councils had been formed in many cities and towns to resist integration of schools following the unanimous 1954 United States Supreme Court ruling (Brown v. Board of Education) that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional. Registration of African-American voters increased and black candidates ran in the 1967 elections for state and local offices. The city was founded by William H. Hardy, who was president of the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad (G&SIRR) that connected inland lumber mills to … The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}32°44′11″N 89°40′04″W / 32.7364°N 89.6678°W / 32.7364; -89.6678 (State of Mississippi), This article is about the U.S. state of Mississippi. Heute sind viele der Parks verschwunden. The latter were mostly migrants from other Southern states, particularly Virginia and North Carolina, where soils were exhausted. [110], For three years in a row, more than 30 percent of Mississippi's residents have been classified as obese. Jackson is both the state's capital and largest city. Many black parents complained that they had little representation in school administration, and that many of their former administrators and teachers had been pushed out. Die Autorin Kathryn Stockett stammt aus Jackson, Mississippi. Changes to the labor structure and an agricultural depression throughout the South caused severe losses in wealth. [119], At 56 percent, the state has one of the lowest workforce participation rates in the country. From 2000 to 2010, the United States Census Bureau reported that Mississippi had the highest rate of increase in people identifying as mixed-race, up 70 percent in the decade; it amounts to a total of 1.1 percent of the population. The African-American percentage of population has begun to increase due mainly to a younger population than the whites (the total fertility rates of the two races are approximately equal). Dejiny. [44], After the Civil War, the state refused for years to build human capital by fully educating all its citizens. Pike | Bis heute spielt dieser Teil der Geschichte eine wichtige Rolle in der Selbstwahrnehmung. Jimmie Rodgers, a native of Meridian and guitarist/singer/songwriter known as the "Father of Country Music", played a significant role in the development of the blues. Gebratener Wels aus dem mächtigen Mississippi, der die westliche Grenze des Staates bildet, steht genauso auf dem Speiseplan wie gegrillte Rippchen und fangfrische Shrimps. Connecticut | [132] Of $1.2 billion from 2002 to 2005 in federal subsidies to farmers in the Bolivar County area of the Delta, only 5% went to small farmers. Together with other practices, they created some localized deforestation but did not alter the ecology of the Mississippi Delta as a whole.[30]. The planter aristocracy, the elite of antebellum Mississippi, kept the tax structure low for their own benefit, making only private improvements. New Jersey | Democratic whites were well armed and formed paramilitary organizations such as the Red Shirts to suppress black voting. Mississippi has one of the richest fish faunas in the United States, with 204 native fish species.[20]. By 1900, many white ministers, especially in the towns, subscribed to the Social Gospel movement, which attempted to apply Christian ethics to social and economic needs of the day. By 1895 they had established numerous black Baptist state associations and the National Baptist Convention of black churches. Monroe | With large areas of agriculture and rural towns, Mississippi frequently ranks low among states in measures of health, education, and development, and high in measures of poverty. Ihr Buch Gute Geister spielt ebenfalls dort und wurde 2011 verfilmt. Teacher Robert G. Clark of Holmes County was the first African American to be elected to the State House since Reconstruction. Tennessee | Governor Paul Johnson urged repeal and the sheriff "raided the annual Junior League Mardi Gras ball at the Jackson Country Club, breaking open the liquor cabinet and carting off the Champagne before a startled crowd of nobility and high-ranking state officials".[59]. Maine | It has some major automotive factories, such as the Toyota Mississippi Plant in Blue Springs and a Nissan Automotive plant in Canton. Delaware | By 1860, Mississippi was the nation's top cotton-producing state and enslaved persons accounted for 55% of the state population. It is separated from the Gulf of Mexico proper by the shallow Mississippi Sound, which is partially sheltered by Petit Bois Island, Horn Island, East and West Ship Islands, Deer Island, Round Island, and Cat Island. Forrest | Due to the poor economy, low cotton prices and difficulty of getting credit, many of these farmers could not make it through the extended financial difficulties. [24] Before the American Civil War, the earthwork levees averaged six feet in height, although in some areas they reached twenty feet. It established a one-party state dominated by white Democrats. Das reale Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf (engl. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include:[11], Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017):[12], Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017):[12], Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 10,000 but fewer than 20,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017):[12], (See: Lists of cities, towns and villages, census-designated places, metropolitan areas, micropolitan areas, and counties in Mississippi). With control of the ballot box and more access to credit, white planters bought out such farmers, expanding their ownership of Delta bottomlands. Am 17. Humphreys | As an explanation, the Report noted that 92% of Mississippi high school graduates took the ACT, but only 3% of graduates took the SAT, apparently a self-selection of higher achievers. The coastline includes large bays at Bay St. Louis, Biloxi, and Pascagoula. Er ist der einzige versteinerte Wald im Osten der Vereinigten Staaten und wurde aufgrund dessen als National Natural Landmark ausgezeichnet. Maryland | The Pontotoc Ridge and the Fall Line Hills in the northeast have somewhat higher elevations. Riots (better described as massacres of blacks) took place in Vicksburg, Clinton, Macon, and in their counties, as well-armed whites broke up black meetings and lynched known black leaders, destroying local political organizations. Yearly precipitation generally increases from north to south, with the regions closer to the Gulf being the most humid. Am 14. In the postwar period, freedmen withdrew from white-run churches to set up independent congregations. This breakdown compares to the national average of high school graduates taking the ACT and SAT, of 43% and 45%, respectively. They sought jobs, better education for their children, the right to vote, relative freedom from discrimination, and better living. [26] Despite the state's building and reinforcing levees for years, the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 broke through and caused massive flooding of 27,000 square miles (70,000 km2) throughout the Delta, homelessness for hundreds of thousands, and millions of dollars in property damages. Diese Ratifizierung wurde erst 1995 nachgeholt. Jahrhundert ließ der Bundesstaat Mississippi als dritter Staat das Glücksspiel wieder zu. A proportion of federal spending in Mississippi is directed toward large federal installations such as Camp Shelby, John C. Stennis Space Center, Meridian Naval Air Station, Columbus Air Force Base, and Keesler Air Force Base. Taal; Volgen; Bewerken; Bestand; Bestandsgeschiedenis; Bestandsgebruik; Globaal bestandsgebruik; Afmetingen van deze voorvertoning van het type PNG van dit SVG-bestand: 520 × 600 pixels Andere resoluties: 208 × 240 pixels | 416 × 480 pixels | 666 × 768 pixels | 887 × 1.024 pixels. [21] Several of these species were extirpated during the construction of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. The first six states to secede were those with the highest number of slaves. Im Jahr 1997 betreuten etwa 30.000 Angestellte in 29 Casinos 33.876 Spielautomaten und 1.370 Tischspiele. In 1716, the French founded Natchez on the Mississippi River (as Fort Rosalie); it became the dominant town and trading post of the area. Texas | In Mississippi traten einige Demokraten, wie in den meisten anderen Südstaaten auch, teilweise bis in die 1980er Jahre offen für die Rassentrennung ein. Georgia | The Choctaw agreed to sell their traditional homelands in Mississippi and Alabama, for compensation and removal to reservations in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). November 2020 stimmten die Bürger von Mississippi im Rahmen der Präsidentschaftswahl über die Entwürfe für eine neue Staatsflagge ab. Nebraska | Puerto Rico | Democrats had regained control of the state legislature in 1875, after a year of expanded violence against blacks and intimidation of whites in what was called the "white line" campaign, based on asserting white supremacy. Februar 2013 gültig.[11][12]. Itawamba | Utah | [50], The loss of political influence contributed to the difficulties of African Americans in their attempts to obtain extended credit in the late 19th century. Größere Siedlerzahlen kamen aber erst mit den Briten nach Mississippi. In einigen Countys leben bis zu 48 Prozent der Bevölkerung unterhalb dieser Armutsgrenze. Mississippi ist bekannt für seinen respektvollen Umgang mit historischen Stätten, kulturellem Erbe und der natürlichen Schönheit des Landes. Mississippi ist das wirtschaftliche Schlusslicht der USA. [141][142] The bill has become the subject of controversy. Panola | Die südliche Gegend profitierte ökonomisch noch stark von den Franzosen in New Orleans. [16] Mississippi gilt politisch wie auch gesellschaftlich als konservativ. Er zählt zu den Südstaaten und hat knapp drei Millionen Einwohner auf einer Fläche von 125.443 km². It is believed that there are more people with such ancestry than identify as such on the census, in part because their immigrant ancestors are more distant in their family histories. The Second Great Migration included destinations in the West, especially California, where the buildup of the defense industry offered higher-paying jobs to both African Americans and whites. Although these areas have been highly degraded by conversion to agriculture, a few areas remain, consisting of grassland with interspersed woodland of eastern redcedar, oaks, hickories, osage-orange, and sugarberry. The historian David Hackett Fischer estimated that a minimum 20% of Mississippi's population is of English ancestry, though the figure is probably much higher, and another large percentage is of Scottish ancestry. While Mississippi has been especially known for its music and literature, it has embraced other forms of art. Republican Governor Haley Barbour signed the bill into law. Es wird vermutet, dass der Wald vor mehr als 36 Millionen Jahren seine heutige Form und sein Aussehen durch unterschiedliche Natureinflüsse erhielt. Before Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, Mississippi was the second-largest gambling state in the Union, after Nevada and ahead of New Jersey. Yalobusha | [113] A 2002 report on African-American adolescents noted a 1999 survey which suggests that a third of children were obese, with higher ratios for those in the Delta. Sa capitale est Jackson. [118] For purposes of assessment for ad valorem taxes, taxable property is divided into five classes. [159] In 2008, Mississippi was ranked last among the fifty states in academic achievement by the American Legislative Exchange Council's Report Card on Education,[160] with the lowest average ACT scores and sixth-lowest spending per pupil in the nation. Attala | From 1800 to about 1830, the United States purchased some lands (Treaty of Doak's Stand) from Native American tribes for new settlements of European Americans. Independent black Baptist churches were established before 1800 in Virginia, Kentucky, South Carolina and Georgia, and later developed in Mississippi as well. [48] Seeing the success of this deliberate "Mississippi Plan", South Carolina and other states followed it and also achieved white Democratic dominance. File; File history; File usage on Commons; File usage on other wikis; Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 520 × 600 pixels. "Low-Wage Legacies, Race, and the Golden Chicken in Mississippi: Where Contemporary Immigration Meets African American Labor History". [89], In 2000, 96.4% of Mississippi residents five years old and older spoke only English in the home, a decrease from 97.2% in 1990. Der Staat hat seinen Namen vom Mississippi River, der mit dem indianischen Wort für „großer Fluss“ bezeichnet ist. Ninety percent of the Delta bottomlands were still frontier and undeveloped. [125] It took years for the state to rebuild levees damaged in battles. Those of the Mississippian culture were the largest and most complex, constructed beginning about 950 AD. Kongress aus drei Republikanern und einem Demokraten. [55] The whites maintained their discriminatory voter registration processes established in 1890, preventing most blacks from voting, even if they were well educated. In 1819 the United States completed the purchase of West Florida and all of East Florida in the Adams–Onís Treaty, and in 1822 both were merged into the Florida Territory. 1840 war die Staatsverschuldung Mississippis daher deutlich angestiegen. On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, though a Category 3 storm upon final landfall, caused even greater destruction across the entire 90 miles (145 km) of the Mississippi Gulf Coast from Louisiana to Alabama. Sprache; Beobachten; Bearbeiten; Datei; Dateiversionen; Dateiverwendung; Globale Dateiverwendung; Größe der PNG-Vorschau dieser SVG-Datei: 520 × 600 Pixel. Dezember 1817 als 20. Pontotoc | In 1860 assessed valuation of property in Mississippi had been more than $500 million, of which $218 million (43 percent) was estimated as the value of slaves. Im Electoral College stellt Mississippi seit 2004 sechs Wahlmänner. Mississippi (/ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/ (listen)) is a state in the Deep South region of the Southern United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. The Magnolia Independent Film Festival, still held annually in Starkville, is the first and oldest in the state. They used some of their profits to buy more cotton land and more slaves. Their large earthworks, which expressed their cosmology of political and religious concepts, still stand throughout the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys. The Mississippi Territory was later twice expanded to include disputed territory claimed by both the United States and Spain. [26], Flooding overwhelmed northwestern Mississippi in 1912–1913, causing heavy damage to the levee districts. After World War II, African-American veterans returned with renewed commitment to be treated as full citizens of the United States and increasingly organized to gain enforcement of their constitutional rights. It noted impediments to needed behavioral modification, including the Delta likely being "the most underserved region in the state" with African Americans the major ethnic group; lack of accessibility and availability of medical care; and an estimated 60% of residents living below the poverty level. Lauréates. In the 21st century, 91% of white children and most of the black children in the state attend public schools. Before the Civil War, Mississippi was the fifth-wealthiest state in the nation, its wealth generated by the labor of slaves in cotton plantations along the rivers. Through the 18th century, the area was ruled variously by Spanish, French, and British colonial governments. Iowa | "A Culture in Decline: The Mississippi Delta Chinese". [36], Mississippi became the 20th state on December 10, 1817. The total population has not increased significantly, but is young. Zusatzartikel zur Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten, mit dem die Sklaverei in allen amerikanischen Bundesstaaten abgeschafft wurde, 1865 ablehnte. Though ratified in 1995, the state never officially notified the Federal Archivist, which kept the ratification unofficial until 2013, when Ken Sullivan contacted the office of Secretary of State of Mississippi, Delbert Hosemann, who agreed to file the paperwork and make it official. The previous flag of Mississippi, used until June 30, 2020, featured the Confederate battle flag. Midwayinseln | [76] For more information on racial and ethnic classifications in the United States see race and ethnicity in the United States Census.
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